The LOWER function converts text to _______________ capitalization.

• A. Lowercase
• B. Uppercase
• C. Capitalized
• D. Title Case

Answer: (A)

Normalizing text for comparisons often requires a consistent letter case. The LOWER function does exactly that by turning every alphabetic character into lowercase, so the output is all lowercase. Numbers and symbols stay unchanged, which helps preserve non-letter data while uniforming the text for matching or sorting.

This is why it’s the best pick: it produces lowercase rather than all uppercase, capitalized, or title-case. For contrast, converting to uppercase would yield all capitals; capitalizing would typically uppercase just the first letter of the string; title case would uppercase the first letter of each word. For example, "Data Model" becomes "data model" with this function.